The Super Bowl is an annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The contest is held in an American city that is chosen three to four years beforehand,[1] usually in warm-weather or domed sites.[2] Since 1971, the winner of theAmerican Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship gamein the culmination of the NFL playoffs.
Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were known as the "AFL-NFL World Championship Game". Super Bowl III in 1969 was the first such game that carried the "Super Bowl" moniker, the names "Super Bowl I" and "Super Bowl II" were retroactively applied to the first two games.[3] The NFC/NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 26, while the AFC/AFL has won 22. Nineteen different franchises, including teams that relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl.[4]
The Pittsburgh Steelers (6–2) have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while both the Dallas Cowboys (5–3) and San Francisco 49ers (5–1) have five wins each. Dallas and Pittsburgh have the most Super Bowl appearances with eight (New England just earned their eighth trip to tie the record after SB XLIX), while the Buffalo Bills (0–4) have the most consecutive appearances with four losses in a row from 1990 to 1993 (the Miami Dolphins are the only other team to have three consecutive appearances: 1972–74). The Denver Broncos (2–5) have lost a record five Super Bowls. The New England Patriots (3–4) and Minnesota Vikings (0–4) have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the 1966–67 Green Bay Packers, the 1972–73 Miami Dolphins, the 1974–75 and 1978–79 Pittsburgh Steelers (the only team to accomplish this feat twice), the 1988–89 San Francisco 49ers, the 1992–93 Dallas Cowboys, the 1997–98 Denver Broncos, and the 2003–04 New England Patriots. The 1972 Dolphins' win capped off the only perfect season in NFL history. The only team with multiple Super Bowl appearances and no losses is the Baltimore Ravens, who in winning Super Bowl XLVII unseated and replaced the 49ers in that position. Four current NFL teams have never appeared in a Super Bowl, including franchise relocations and renaming: the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions,Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans, though both the Browns and Lions had won NFL championship games prior to the creation of the Super Bowl.
Contents
[hide]Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)
Numbers in parentheses in the table are Super Bowl appearances, as of the date of that Super Bowl and are used as follows:
- Winning team and Losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a Super Bowl.
- Venue column indicates number of times that stadium has hosted a Super Bowl.
- City column indicates number of times that that metropolitan area has hosted a Super Bowl.
National Football League (NFL, 1967–1970) | American Football League (AFL, 1967–1970) |
---|---|
NFL champion‡ | AFL champion^ |
National Football Conference (NFC, 1971–present) | American Football Conference (AFC, 1971–present) |
NFC champion* | AFC champion† |
Repeat winners
Seven different teams have won back-to-back Super Bowls, one of which has done it twice:
- Green Bay Packers (Super Bowls I and II)
- Miami Dolphins (Super Bowls VII and VIII)
- Pittsburgh Steelers (twice: Super Bowl IX and X, and Super Bowl XIII and XIV)
- San Francisco 49ers (Super Bowl XXIII and XXIV)
- Dallas Cowboys (Super Bowl XXVII and XXVIII)
- Denver Broncos (Super Bowl XXXII and XXXIII)
- New England Patriots (Super Bowl XXXVIII and XXXIX)
No team has yet won three Super Bowls in a row, although several have come close:
- The Green Bay Packers won the first two Super Bowls, but had also won the NFL championship in the preceding year.
- The Miami Dolphins appeared in three consecutive Super Bowls (Super Bowls VI, VII and VIII), winning the last two.
- The San Francisco 49ers won two consecutive Super Bowls (Super Bowls XXIII and XXIV) before being eliminated in the NFC championship game the following year by the eventual champion New York Giants.
- The Dallas Cowboys won two consecutive Super Bowls (Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII) before being eliminated in the NFC championship game the following year by the eventual champion San Francisco 49ers. The Cowboys would then win Super Bowl XXX the following year.
Super Bowl appearances by team
NFL‡/NFC* teams (26 wins) | AFL^/AFC† teams (22 wins) |
NFL‡/AFC† team[note 6] |
In the sortable table below, teams are ordered first by number of appearances, then by number of wins, and finally by year of first appearance. In the "Season(s)" column, bold years indicate winning seasons and italics indicates the teams in upcoming Super Bowl XLIX.
Teams with no Super Bowl appearances
Four current teams have never reached the Super Bowl. Two of them held NFL league championships prior to Super Bowl I in the 1966 NFL season:
- Detroit Lions, NFL champions four times in 1935, 1952, 1953, and 1957; appeared in one other NFL Championship Game in 1954; and appeared in one NFC Championship Game in 1991[65]
- Cleveland Browns, NFL champions four times in 1950, 1954, 1955, and 1964; appeared in six other NFL championship games in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1968, and 1969; and appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1986, 1987, and 1989[66] (The Browns are officially viewed as one continuous franchise that began in 1946 as a member of the All-America Football Conference, joined the NFL in 1950, suspended operations from 1996–1998, and resumed play in 1999.[67] The Baltimore Ravens were an expansion team created in 1996 with former Browns players.)[68]
- Jacksonville Jaguars, 1995 expansion team; appeared in two AFC Championship Games in 1996 and 1999[69]
- Houston Texans, 2002 expansion team; two Divisional Round appearances in 2011 and 2012.
In addition, Detroit, Houston and Jacksonville have hosted Super Bowls; this means Cleveland is the only current NFL city that has neither hosted, nor had their team play in, a Super Bowl.
Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories
Nine teams have appeared in the Super Bowl without ever winning. In descending order of number of appearances, they are:
- Buffalo Bills (4), appeared in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Their second and last AFL championship was in 1965, the season prior to the first Super Bowl.
- Minnesota Vikings (4), appeared in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. They were NFL champions in 1969, the last year before the AFL-NFL merger.
- Cincinnati Bengals (2), appeared in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII. An AFL expansion team in 1968, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
- Philadelphia Eagles (2), appeared in Super Bowls XV and XXXIX. Their last championship was in 1960.
- Arizona Cardinals (1), appeared in Super Bowl XLIII. Their last championship was in 1947 as the Chicago Cardinals.
- Atlanta Falcons (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXIII. An expansion team in 1966, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
- Carolina Panthers (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXVIII. A post-merger expansion team, their first season was in 1995.
- San Diego Chargers (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXIX. Their only AFL championship was in 1963.
- Tennessee Titans (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXIV. Their second and last AFL championship was in 1961 as the Houston Oilers.
Teams with long Super Bowl droughts
The following eight teams have appeared in the Super Bowl, but not since 1995, meaning their droughts are longer than Jacksonville's and Houston's.
Two of these teams have not appeared in the Super Bowl since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970:[70]
- New York Jets (most recently appeared in Super Bowl III in 1968)
- Kansas City Chiefs (Super Bowl IV in 1969)
The most recent Super Bowl appearance for the following teams was after the AFL–NFL merger, but prior to the 1995 regular season:
- Minnesota Vikings (Super Bowl XI in 1976)
- Miami Dolphins (Super Bowl XIX in 1984)
- Cincinnati Bengals (Super Bowl XXIII in 1988)
- Washington Redskins (Super Bowl XXVI in 1991)
- Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXVIII in 1993)
- San Diego Chargers (Super Bowl XXIX in 1994)
Super Bowl rematches
The following teams have faced each other more than once in the Super Bowl:
- Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers (3) – Super Bowls X and XIII were won by Pittsburgh, and Super Bowl XXX was won by Dallas. See also Cowboys–Steelers rivalry.
- Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins (2) – Super Bowl VII was won by Miami, and Super Bowl XVII was won by Washington.
- Cincinnati Bengals and San Francisco 49ers (2) – Super Bowls XVI and XXIII were both won by San Francisco.
- Buffalo Bills and Dallas Cowboys (2) – Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII were both won by Dallas, in consecutive seasons.
- New England Patriots and New York Giants (2) – Super Bowls XLII and XLVI were both won by New York.
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